The pepper plant, scientifically known as Piper nigrum, is a flowering vine native to tropical regions. It is primarily cultivated for its fruit, which is dried and used as the spice black pepper. The plant can grow up to 4 meters tall and requires a warm, humid climate to thrive. Pepper plants produce small, green berries that turn red when ripe. These berries are harvested and processed to create different types of pepper, including white pepper and green pepper. The plant is also known for its climbing ability, often requiring support from trees or trellises to grow effectively.