Open-pit mining is a surface mining technique used to extract valuable minerals and resources from the earth. In this method, a large excavation is made in the ground, creating a pit that is open to the surface. This allows for the removal of materials like gold, copper, and coal without the need for underground tunnels. The process involves drilling, blasting, and hauling away the extracted materials. Open-pit mining is often used when the resource is located close to the surface and is economically viable to mine. However, it can lead to significant environmental impacts, including habitat destruction and soil erosion.