Neoclassical refers to a cultural movement that emerged in the late 18th century, characterized by a revival of classical art and architecture from ancient Greece and Rome. It emphasized harmony, proportion, and simplicity, often drawing inspiration from classical themes and styles. Neoclassical artists and architects sought to convey ideals of beauty and order, reflecting the values of the Enlightenment. In literature, neoclassical writers focused on reason, clarity, and moral themes, often using structured forms like heroic couplets. Prominent figures include Alexander Pope and John Dryden, who emphasized wit and satire. Overall, neoclassicism aimed to emulate the perceived greatness of classical antiquity while promoting rational thought and civic virtue.