National Socialism, often associated with the Nazi Party, was a political ideology that emerged in Germany during the early 20th century. It combined elements of nationalism, racism, and anti-communism, promoting the idea of a racially pure Aryan state. The movement gained prominence under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, who became Chancellor in 1933 and established a totalitarian regime. The core tenets of National Socialism included the belief in the superiority of the German people, the need for territorial expansion, and the persecution of various groups, particularly Jews, whom they blamed for societal problems. This ideology ultimately led to World War II and the horrific events of the Holocaust.