Menstrual discomfort refers to the physical and emotional symptoms that many individuals experience before and during their menstrual period. Common symptoms include cramps in the lower abdomen, bloating, headaches, and mood swings. These symptoms can vary in intensity and duration, affecting daily activities and overall well-being. The discomfort is often caused by hormonal changes in the body, particularly the release of prostaglandins, which can lead to uterine contractions. While some individuals may find relief through over-the-counter medications, others may benefit from lifestyle changes, such as exercise and dietary adjustments, to help manage their symptoms.