Marine geology is the study of the geological features and processes of the ocean floor. It involves examining the composition, structure, and history of underwater landforms, such as submarine volcanoes, mid-ocean ridges, and ocean basins. Researchers use various tools, including sonar and drilling, to gather data about these areas. This field also explores how geological processes, like plate tectonics and sedimentation, shape the marine environment. Understanding marine geology is essential for assessing natural resources, such as oil and gas, and for predicting natural hazards like tsunamis and earthquakes that can impact coastal regions.