Kidney failure occurs when the kidneys can no longer filter waste and excess fluids from the blood effectively. This can lead to a buildup of harmful substances in the body, causing various health problems. The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining overall health by balancing electrolytes and producing hormones that regulate blood pressure and red blood cell production. There are two main types of kidney failure: acute kidney injury, which happens suddenly due to factors like dehydration or injury, and chronic kidney disease, which develops gradually over time, often due to conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure. Early detection and treatment are essential to manage the condition and prevent further complications.