Dialysis is a medical treatment that helps remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys are not functioning properly. It is commonly used for patients with chronic kidney disease or acute kidney injury. There are two main types of dialysis: hemodialysis, which uses a machine to filter blood, and peritoneal dialysis, which uses the lining of the abdomen to filter blood inside the body. During hemodialysis, blood is drawn from the body, cleaned through a dialyzer, and then returned. In peritoneal dialysis, a special fluid is introduced into the abdominal cavity, where it absorbs waste before being drained away. Both methods help maintain a balance of electrolytes and fluids in the body.