Karst caves are natural underground spaces formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks, such as limestone, gypsum, or salt. This process occurs over thousands of years as water, often slightly acidic, seeps into the ground and erodes the rock, creating intricate passageways and chambers. These caves are often characterized by unique formations like stalactites and stalagmites, which develop from mineral deposits left behind as water drips and evaporates. Karst landscapes can also include features like sinkholes and underground rivers, making them important for both ecology and geology.