Induced polarization is a geophysical phenomenon where the electrical properties of a material change when an electric field is applied. This effect occurs when charged particles in the material become temporarily displaced, creating a secondary electric field. It is commonly observed in minerals, soils, and rocks, making it useful for subsurface exploration. In practical applications, induced polarization is used in geophysical surveys to identify and map mineral deposits and groundwater resources. By analyzing the response of the material to an applied electric field, scientists can gain insights into the composition and structure of the subsurface environment.