Groundwater resources refer to the water stored beneath the Earth's surface in soil pore spaces and rock formations. This water is a crucial part of the hydrological cycle and is often accessed through wells and springs. Groundwater is essential for drinking water, agriculture, and industrial processes, making it a vital resource for many communities. The availability of groundwater varies by region and is influenced by factors such as climate, geology, and land use. Over-extraction and pollution can threaten these resources, leading to issues like aquifer depletion and reduced water quality. Sustainable management is essential to protect groundwater for future generations.