Geological activity refers to the processes and events that shape the Earth's structure and surface. This includes phenomena such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and plate tectonics. These activities are driven by the movement of the Earth's internal layers, which can lead to the formation of mountains, valleys, and other landforms. Additionally, geological activity can result in the creation of natural resources, such as minerals and fossil fuels. Understanding these processes is essential for predicting natural disasters and managing resources effectively. Scientists study geological activity to gain insights into the Earth's history and its ongoing changes.