Fluxgate sensors are devices used to measure magnetic fields. They work by detecting changes in magnetic flux using a core material that becomes magnetized when exposed to a magnetic field. This allows them to provide precise measurements of both the strength and direction of the magnetic field. These sensors are commonly used in various applications, including geophysical surveys, space exploration, and navigation systems. Their high sensitivity makes them ideal for detecting weak magnetic fields, which is essential in fields like archaeology and environmental monitoring.