Decontamination is the process of removing or neutralizing harmful substances from people, equipment, or the environment. This is often necessary after exposure to hazardous materials, such as chemicals, biological agents, or radioactive substances. The goal is to ensure safety and prevent the spread of contamination. There are three main methods of decontamination: cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. Cleaning involves removing dirt and impurities, disinfection kills or inactivates harmful microorganisms, and sterilization eliminates all forms of microbial life. Each method is chosen based on the level of contamination and the specific risks involved.