Homonym: conditioning (Training)
Conditioning is a learning process in which an individual or animal develops a response to a specific stimulus through repeated experiences. This can occur in two main forms: classical conditioning, where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful one, and operant conditioning, where behaviors are modified through rewards or punishments.
In classical conditioning, for example, a dog learns to salivate at the sound of a bell if it has been repeatedly fed after the bell rings. In operant conditioning, a rat learns to press a lever to receive food, reinforcing the behavior through positive feedback.