Conditioning, or training, refers to the process of teaching an individual or animal to respond in a specific way to certain stimuli. This can involve various techniques, such as classical conditioning, where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful one, or operant conditioning, which uses rewards and punishments to shape behavior. In both cases, the goal is to create a learned response that can be reliably triggered by specific cues. Conditioning is widely used in various fields, including psychology, animal training, and even sports, to enhance performance and modify behaviors effectively.