Biochar is a type of charcoal produced by heating organic material, such as plant matter and agricultural waste, in a low-oxygen environment. This process, known as pyrolysis, transforms the biomass into a stable form of carbon that can be used to improve soil health and sequester carbon, helping to mitigate climate change. When added to soil, biochar enhances its fertility by retaining moisture and nutrients, promoting beneficial microbial activity. It can also reduce greenhouse gas emissions from soil and improve crop yields. As a sustainable practice, biochar is gaining attention in the fields of agriculture and environmental science.