The Zimbabwe Liberation War, also known as the Second Chimurenga, took place from 1964 to 1979. It was a conflict between the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) and the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) against the white-minority government of Rhodesia, led by Ian Smith. The war aimed to end colonial rule and achieve independence for Zimbabwe. The conflict involved guerrilla warfare and significant support from neighboring countries, including Zambia and Mozambique. The war concluded with the signing of the Lancaster House Agreement in 1979, leading to the first democratic elections in 1980, which resulted in Robert Mugabe becoming the country's first prime minister.