Xerophthalmia is a medical condition characterized by dry eyes due to a deficiency of vitamin A. This condition can lead to damage of the cornea and may result in vision loss if not treated. It is often seen in individuals with malnutrition, particularly in developing countries. Symptoms of xerophthalmia include dryness, irritation, and night blindness. If left untreated, it can progress to more severe eye problems, including corneal ulcers and blindness. Early diagnosis and treatment, often involving vitamin A supplementation, are crucial for preventing complications and preserving vision.