Waste refers to materials that are discarded after use, which can include anything from household garbage to industrial byproducts. Proper waste management is crucial for protecting the environment and public health, as improper disposal can lead to pollution and other hazards. There are various types of waste, including hazardous waste, biodegradable waste, and electronic waste. Effective strategies such as recycling and composting can help reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills, promoting a more sustainable approach to consumption and resource use.