Electronic waste, often referred to as e-waste, includes discarded electrical or electronic devices. This category encompasses items like computers, smartphones, televisions, and batteries that are no longer in use or have reached the end of their life cycle. As technology advances rapidly, many devices become obsolete, leading to an increase in e-waste generation. Improper disposal of e-waste can pose significant environmental hazards. Many electronic devices contain harmful substances, such as lead, mercury, and cadmium, which can leach into the soil and water if not handled correctly. Recycling and proper disposal methods are essential to mitigate these risks and recover valuable materials.