The Wars of Scottish Independence were a series of conflicts fought between Scotland and England during the late 13th and early 14th centuries. The wars began in 1296 when King Edward I of England invaded Scotland, aiming to assert control over the territory. Key battles, such as the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297, saw Scottish forces, led by William Wallace, achieve significant victories. The conflict continued until 1357, with notable figures like Robert the Bruce emerging as leaders of the Scottish resistance. The wars ultimately led to the recognition of Scotland's independence, solidifying its national identity and shaping its future.