Natural disasters are catastrophic events caused by natural processes of the Earth. Common types include earthquakes, which occur when tectonic plates shift, and hurricanes, which are powerful storms that form over warm ocean waters. Other examples are tornadoes, characterized by rotating columns of air, and floods, which can result from heavy rainfall or melting snow. Additionally, wildfires can ignite in dry conditions, spreading rapidly through vegetation. Volcanic eruptions happen when magma escapes from beneath the Earth's crust, releasing ash and lava. Lastly, tsunamis are large ocean waves typically triggered by underwater earthquakes, posing significant risks to coastal areas.