Tornadoes are powerful and destructive weather phenomena characterized by a rotating column of air that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground. They can cause significant damage to buildings, uproot trees, and create debris clouds that can be hazardous to life and property. Tornadoes are classified by their intensity, with the Enhanced Fujita Scale being the most commonly used system to rate their strength. These storms typically form in conditions of warm, moist air at the surface and cooler, dry air aloft, creating instability in the atmosphere. Tornadoes can occur in many parts of the world, but they are most frequent in the United States, particularly in an area known as Tornado Alley.