Tubal ligation is a surgical procedure used for permanent female sterilization. During the procedure, a woman's fallopian tubes are cut, tied, or blocked to prevent eggs from traveling from the ovaries to the uterus. This means that even if sperm is present, fertilization cannot occur, effectively preventing pregnancy. The procedure can be performed in various ways, including through laparoscopy or during a cesarean section. While it is considered a permanent form of birth control, some women may later seek reversal, though success rates can vary. It is important for individuals to discuss their options with a healthcare provider before proceeding.