The Transvaal was a historical province in northeastern South Africa, known for its rich mineral resources, particularly gold and diamonds. It played a significant role in the country's history, especially during the Second Anglo-Boer War in the early 20th century, when it was a center of conflict between the British Empire and the Boers. Today, the area that was once the Transvaal is divided into several provinces, including Gauteng, Mpumalanga, and Limpopo. The region is characterized by its diverse landscapes, ranging from high plateaus to lowveld areas, and is home to major cities like Johannesburg and Pretoria, which serve as important economic and political hubs in South Africa.