The term "Boers" refers to the Dutch-speaking settlers in South Africa, primarily descendants of the original Dutch colonists who arrived in the 17th century. They played a significant role in the history of South Africa, particularly during the 19th century, when they established independent republics such as the Transvaal and the Orange Free State. Boers are known for their farming lifestyle and their resistance against British colonial rule, which led to the Boer Wars in the late 1800s. These conflicts were pivotal in shaping South Africa's political landscape and highlighted the tensions between the Boers and the British Empire.