Translation strategies are methods used by translators to convert text from one language to another while maintaining its meaning and context. These strategies can include literal translation, where the text is translated word-for-word, and dynamic equivalence, which focuses on conveying the same effect or meaning in the target language. Other common strategies include transposition, which involves changing the grammatical structure, and modulation, where the translator alters the perspective or viewpoint. Each strategy is chosen based on the text's purpose, audience, and cultural nuances, ensuring effective communication across languages.