Training cycles refer to structured periods of physical training designed to enhance performance and achieve specific fitness goals. These cycles typically consist of three main phases: preparation, competition, and transition. Each phase focuses on different training intensities and volumes to optimize physical adaptations and recovery. Athletes often use training cycles to plan their workouts over weeks or months, ensuring they peak at the right time for events. By adjusting factors like intensity, volume, and frequency, coaches can help athletes improve their skills and prevent burnout or injury, leading to better overall performance.