Traditional Vietnamese culture is rich and diverse, shaped by its history, geography, and ethnic diversity. Key elements include Confucianism, which influences social relationships and family values, and Buddhism, which plays a significant role in spiritual life. Festivals like Tet, the Lunar New Year, showcase traditional customs, food, and family gatherings. Art forms such as water puppetry and calligraphy reflect the country's artistic heritage. Traditional clothing, like the ao dai, symbolizes Vietnamese identity and elegance. The cuisine, known for its balance of flavors, features dishes like pho and banh mi, highlighting the importance of fresh ingredients and communal dining.