The Toltec civilization was an ancient Mesoamerican culture that thrived between the 10th and 12th centuries in what is now central Mexico. They are known for their impressive architectural achievements, particularly the city of Tula, which featured large stone sculptures and pyramids. The Toltecs were skilled artisans and traders, influencing later cultures, including the Aztecs. The Toltecs practiced a polytheistic religion, worshipping various gods and engaging in rituals that included human sacrifice. They contributed to the development of Mesoamerican art and culture, leaving behind a legacy that would shape the region's history long after their decline.