The Maya Civilization was an ancient culture that thrived in Mesoamerica, particularly in present-day Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and Honduras. Known for their advanced knowledge in mathematics, astronomy, and writing, the Maya developed a complex society with city-states, each ruled by a king. They built impressive pyramids and temples, showcasing their architectural skills. The Maya are also famous for their intricate calendar systems, which included the Maya Long Count and the Tzolk'in. Their art, pottery, and hieroglyphic writing reflect a rich cultural heritage. The civilization reached its peak between 250 and 900 AD, before experiencing a gradual decline.