The Tigris and Euphrates rivers are two of the most important waterways in the Middle East. They flow through countries like Turkey, Syria, and Iraq, eventually merging and emptying into the Persian Gulf. These rivers have been crucial for agriculture and civilization in the region for thousands of years. Historically, the area between the Tigris and Euphrates is known as Mesopotamia, often referred to as the "cradle of civilization." This region was home to some of the earliest human societies, including the Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians, who developed writing, trade, and complex societies along these rivers.