"The Discourses" is a collection of writings by the Roman philosopher Epictetus, focusing on Stoic philosophy. It emphasizes the importance of personal ethics and the idea that individuals can control their reactions to external events, rather than the events themselves. The work is based on the teachings of Socrates and highlights the significance of virtue, wisdom, and self-discipline. Epictetus encourages readers to cultivate inner strength and resilience, advocating for a life aligned with nature and reason.