Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy. He is best known for his unique method of inquiry, known as the Socratic Method, which involves asking a series of questions to stimulate critical thinking and illuminate ideas. Socrates did not write down his teachings; instead, his ideas were recorded by his students, most notably Plato. Living in Athens during the 5th century BC, Socrates challenged the status quo and encouraged individuals to examine their own beliefs and values. His commitment to seeking truth and wisdom ultimately led to his trial and execution, making him a martyr for philosophy and a lasting symbol of intellectual integrity.