Syrian history dates back to ancient times, with the region being home to some of the world's earliest civilizations, including the Akkadians, Babylonians, and Phoenicians. It was a significant center for trade and culture, influenced by various empires such as the Roman and Ottoman Empires. In the 20th century, Syria gained independence from French colonial rule in 1946. The country experienced political instability, leading to a series of coups and the rise of the Ba'ath Party. Since 2011, Syria has been embroiled in a devastating civil war, resulting in significant humanitarian crises and geopolitical tensions.