Subsoil is the layer of soil located beneath the topsoil and above the bedrock. It is typically denser and less fertile than the topsoil, containing minerals and nutrients that have leached down from the upper layers. Subsoil plays a crucial role in supporting plant growth by providing essential minerals and helping to retain moisture. This layer is often composed of clay, silt, and sand, and its composition can vary significantly depending on the region. The presence of organic matter is usually minimal in subsoil, making it less suitable for planting compared to the nutrient-rich topsoil. Understanding subsoil is important for agriculture and land management.