Sterilization is a medical procedure that eliminates all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This process is crucial in healthcare settings to prevent infections during surgeries and other medical procedures. Common methods of sterilization include autoclaving, which uses steam under pressure, and chemical sterilization, which employs disinfectants. In addition to medical applications, sterilization is also used in laboratories and food processing to ensure safety and hygiene. For example, canning food involves sterilizing containers to prevent spoilage. Overall, sterilization is essential for maintaining cleanliness and safety in various environments.