Sponge cakes are light and airy desserts made primarily from flour, sugar, and eggs. They are known for their soft texture, which is achieved by incorporating air into the batter during mixing. This process helps the cake rise without the need for additional leavening agents like baking powder. There are various types of sponge cakes, including Genoise and Chiffon, each with unique preparation methods. Sponge cakes can be enjoyed plain or layered with fillings such as cream, fruit, or frosting, making them versatile for different occasions, from birthdays to weddings.