Sperm quality refers to the characteristics of sperm that affect its ability to fertilize an egg. Key factors include sperm count, motility (the ability to swim), morphology (shape and structure), and overall vitality. High-quality sperm are essential for successful conception and can influence fertility in both men and women. Several factors can impact sperm quality, including lifestyle choices, environmental exposures, and health conditions. For instance, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and obesity can negatively affect sperm parameters. Regular check-ups and a healthy lifestyle can help improve sperm quality and enhance reproductive health.