Obesity is a medical condition characterized by an excessive amount of body fat. It is typically measured using the Body Mass Index (BMI), which calculates a person's weight in relation to their height. A BMI of 30 or higher is generally considered obese. Obesity can lead to various health issues, including heart disease, diabetes, and high blood pressure. Several factors contribute to obesity, including genetics, lifestyle choices, and environmental influences. Poor diet, lack of physical activity, and emotional factors can all play a role in weight gain. Addressing obesity often requires a combination of dietary changes, increased exercise, and sometimes medical intervention.