Semen analysis is a medical test that evaluates a man's sperm quality and overall reproductive health. It typically involves examining the volume, concentration, motility (movement), and morphology (shape) of sperm in a sample. This analysis helps identify potential issues that may affect fertility. The test is usually performed by collecting a semen sample through masturbation, which is then analyzed in a laboratory. Results can provide insights into conditions like oligospermia (low sperm count) or asthenozoospermia (poor sperm motility), guiding further medical evaluation or treatment options for couples trying to conceive.