Southern history refers to the historical development of the Southern United States, characterized by its unique cultural, social, and economic aspects. This region played a significant role in the early formation of the United States, with its economy largely based on agriculture, particularly the cultivation of cotton and tobacco. The Southern states also developed distinct cultural traditions, influenced by African American heritage, Native American history, and European settlers. The Civil War (1861-1865) was a pivotal event in Southern history, as it centered around issues like slavery and states' rights. Following the war, the Reconstruction era aimed to rebuild the South and integrate formerly enslaved people into society. The legacy of this period continues to shape the region's social dynamics and cultural identity today.