The Skaapvaal Craton is a stable geological formation located in southern Africa, primarily in South Africa. It is one of the oldest cratons in the world, dating back over 3 billion years. The craton is composed mainly of ancient igneous and metamorphic rocks, which provide valuable insights into the early history of the Earth's crust. This craton is significant for its rich mineral resources, including gold, platinum, and diamonds. The Witwatersrand Basin, part of the Skaapvaal Craton, is famous for its gold deposits, making it a crucial area for mining activities. The craton's geological features also contribute to the study of tectonic processes and the evolution of the Earth's surface.