Geological history refers to the study of the Earth's formation and the changes it has undergone over billions of years. This includes the development of continents, oceans, and the evolution of life, all of which are documented in the geological time scale. Significant events, such as the Cambrian Explosion and the Permian Extinction, have shaped the planet's biodiversity and climate. Understanding geological history helps scientists predict future geological events and comprehend the processes that have led to the current state of the Earth. By studying rock layers and fossils, researchers can piece together the planet's past, revealing how plate tectonics and other forces have influenced its evolution.