Sextus Tarquinius was a figure in ancient Roman history, known as the son of Tarquin the Proud, the last king of Rome. He is often remembered for his role in the events that led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of the Roman Republic. His actions, particularly the assault on Lucretia, a noblewoman, sparked outrage and rebellion among the Roman people. The incident involving Lucretia led to her tragic suicide, which galvanized the citizens of Rome against the Tarquin family. This resulted in the expulsion of the Tarquins and the end of the monarchy in 509 BCE, marking a significant turning point in Roman governance and the beginning of the Roman Republic.