Sextus Tarquin was a figure in ancient Roman history, known as the son of Tarquin the Proud, the last king of Rome. He is often associated with the events leading to the fall of the Roman monarchy and the establishment of the Roman Republic. His actions, particularly the assault on Lucretia, a noblewoman, sparked outrage and ultimately led to a revolt against his family's rule. Following the revolt, Sextus fled Rome and became a symbol of tyranny. His actions contributed to the end of the Tarquin dynasty and the rise of the Republic, marking a significant shift in Roman governance and society.