Semiconductor heterostructures are materials made by stacking different types of semiconductors on top of each other. Each layer has unique properties, allowing for better control of electronic and optical behaviors. This layering can enhance performance in devices like lasers and transistors. These structures enable the creation of quantum wells, superlattices, and other advanced materials that improve efficiency and functionality. By carefully designing the composition and thickness of each layer, engineers can tailor the properties of the heterostructure for specific applications, such as in solar cells and LEDs.