Seismic hazard refers to the potential for earthquakes to cause damage in a specific area. It is assessed by analyzing historical earthquake data, geological conditions, and the likelihood of future seismic events. This information helps in understanding the risks associated with earthquakes and is crucial for urban planning and construction. Understanding seismic hazard is essential for designing buildings and infrastructure that can withstand earthquakes. Engineers use seismic hazard assessments to create structures that are safer and more resilient, reducing the risk of injury and property damage during events like earthquakes.