A "Second Republic" typically refers to a political regime that follows a previous republic, often after a period of instability or authoritarian rule. These republics aim to establish democratic governance and restore civil liberties. Examples include the Second French Republic, which emerged in 1848, and the Second Spanish Republic, established in 1931. Second Republics often face challenges such as political fragmentation, social unrest, and economic difficulties. They may struggle to maintain stability and can be vulnerable to coups or shifts toward authoritarianism. The success of a Second Republic largely depends on the political culture and institutions established during its formation.